Estimate

Ordinary cosmic matter in stellar-remnant black holes

Probability:
1%
Odds:
1 to 99
dBan
−20 dBan

A present-day cosmic model places roughly 1% of ordinary matter in black holes left by stars.

Calculation

p ≈ 0.01 of baryonic mass, as a rounded order-of-magnitude anchor

Assumptions

The 2022 study by Sicilia and colleagues models at most about 1% of ordinary, or baryonic, matter in stellar-remnant black holes in the local present-day cosmos. The rounded value is an order-of-magnitude anchor rather than an exact census. Dark matter and dark energy are outside the denominator; supermassive and primordial black holes are not modelled.

Sources

  1. Sicilia et al. (2022): stellar black-hole mass density present-day baryonic-mass estimate checked 27 October 2026